diff --git a/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/ArrayDocumentMatcher.java b/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/ArrayDocumentMatcher.java
index fc92743c16..13344e2221 100644
--- a/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/ArrayDocumentMatcher.java
+++ b/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/ArrayDocumentMatcher.java
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
  * values (interpreted as regexes).
  *
  * @author Dave Syer
+ * @deprecated as of 1.4.1 in favor of exact String-based matching
  */
+@Deprecated
 public class ArrayDocumentMatcher implements DocumentMatcher {
 
 	private final String key;
diff --git a/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/SpringProfileDocumentMatcher.java b/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/SpringProfileDocumentMatcher.java
index e1b5e1db34..8e0fec294e 100644
--- a/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/SpringProfileDocumentMatcher.java
+++ b/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/SpringProfileDocumentMatcher.java
@@ -18,8 +18,10 @@ package org.springframework.boot.yaml;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.YamlProcessor.DocumentMatcher;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.YamlProcessor.MatchStatus;
@@ -39,8 +41,6 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
  */
 public class SpringProfileDocumentMatcher implements DocumentMatcher {
 
-	private static final String[] DEFAULT_PROFILES = new String[] { "^\\s*$" };
-
 	private static final String SPRING_PROFILES = "spring.profiles";
 
 	private String[] activeProfiles = new String[0];
@@ -80,11 +80,9 @@ public class SpringProfileDocumentMatcher implements DocumentMatcher {
 	}
 
 	private DocumentMatcher getActiveProfilesDocumentMatcher() {
-		String[] profiles = this.activeProfiles;
-		if (profiles.length == 0) {
-			profiles = DEFAULT_PROFILES;
-		}
-		return new ArrayDocumentMatcher(SPRING_PROFILES, profiles);
+		return this.activeProfiles.length == 0 ? new EmptyProfileDocumentMatcher()
+				: new ActiveProfilesDocumentMatcher(
+						new HashSet<String>(Arrays.asList(this.activeProfiles)));
 	}
 
 	private String extractProfiles(String profiles, ProfileType type) {
@@ -112,4 +110,76 @@ public class SpringProfileDocumentMatcher implements DocumentMatcher {
 		POSITIVE, NEGATIVE
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Base class for profile-based {@link DocumentMatcher DocumentMatchers}.
+	 */
+	private static abstract class AbstractProfileDocumentMatcher
+			implements DocumentMatcher {
+
+		@Override
+		public final MatchStatus matches(Properties properties) {
+			if (!properties.containsKey(SPRING_PROFILES)) {
+				return MatchStatus.ABSTAIN;
+			}
+			Set<String> profiles = StringUtils
+					.commaDelimitedListToSet(properties.getProperty(SPRING_PROFILES));
+			return matches(profiles);
+		}
+
+		protected abstract MatchStatus matches(Set<String> profiles);
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * {@link AbstractProfileDocumentMatcher} that matches a document when a value in
+	 * {@code spring.profiles} is also in {@code spring.profiles.active}.
+	 */
+	private static class ActiveProfilesDocumentMatcher
+			extends AbstractProfileDocumentMatcher {
+
+		private final Set<String> activeProfiles;
+
+		ActiveProfilesDocumentMatcher(Set<String> activeProfiles) {
+			this.activeProfiles = activeProfiles;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		protected MatchStatus matches(Set<String> profiles) {
+			if (profiles.isEmpty()) {
+				return MatchStatus.NOT_FOUND;
+			}
+			for (String activeProfile : this.activeProfiles) {
+				if (profiles.contains(activeProfile)) {
+					return MatchStatus.FOUND;
+				}
+			}
+			return MatchStatus.NOT_FOUND;
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * {@link AbstractProfileDocumentMatcher} that matches a document when {@code
+	 * spring.profiles} is empty or contains a value with no text.
+	 *
+	 * @see StringUtils#hasText(String)
+	 */
+	private static class EmptyProfileDocumentMatcher
+			extends AbstractProfileDocumentMatcher {
+
+		@Override
+		public MatchStatus matches(Set<String> profiles) {
+			if (profiles.isEmpty()) {
+				return MatchStatus.FOUND;
+			}
+			for (String profile : profiles) {
+				if (!StringUtils.hasText(profile)) {
+					return MatchStatus.FOUND;
+				}
+			}
+			return MatchStatus.NOT_FOUND;
+		}
+
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/ArrayDocumentMatcherTests.java b/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/ArrayDocumentMatcherTests.java
index 2f5ff5dba8..52da06a31f 100644
--- a/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/ArrayDocumentMatcherTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/yaml/ArrayDocumentMatcherTests.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
  *
  * @author Dave Syer
  */
+@Deprecated
 public class ArrayDocumentMatcherTests {
 
 	@Test