diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/endpoint/jmx/EndpointMBean.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/endpoint/jmx/EndpointMBean.java
index f9f848aece..2335d0b140 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/endpoint/jmx/EndpointMBean.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/endpoint/jmx/EndpointMBean.java
@@ -93,13 +93,12 @@ public class EndpointMBean implements DynamicMBean {
 		return invoke(operation, params);
 	}
 
-	private Object invoke(JmxOperation operation, Object[] params) {
+	private Object invoke(JmxOperation operation, Object[] params) throws MBeanException {
 		try {
 			String[] parameterNames = operation.getParameters().stream()
 					.map(JmxOperationParameter::getName).toArray(String[]::new);
 			Map<String, Object> arguments = getArguments(parameterNames, params);
-			Object result = operation
-					.invoke(new InvocationContext(SecurityContext.NONE, arguments));
+			Object result = invokeOperation(operation, arguments);
 			if (REACTOR_PRESENT) {
 				result = ReactiveHandler.handle(result);
 			}
@@ -110,6 +109,26 @@ public class EndpointMBean implements DynamicMBean {
 		}
 	}
 
+	private Object invokeOperation(JmxOperation operation,
+			Map<String, Object> arguments) throws MBeanException {
+		try {
+			return operation.invoke(new InvocationContext(SecurityContext.NONE,
+					arguments));
+		}
+		catch (Exception ex) {
+			throw new MBeanException(translateIfNecessary(ex), ex.getMessage());
+		}
+	}
+
+	private Exception translateIfNecessary(Exception exception) {
+		if (exception.getClass().getName().startsWith("java.")) {
+			return exception;
+		}
+		else {
+			return new IllegalStateException(exception.getMessage());
+		}
+	}
+
 	private Map<String, Object> getArguments(String[] parameterNames, Object[] params) {
 		Map<String, Object> arguments = new HashMap<>();
 		for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/endpoint/jmx/EndpointMBeanTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/endpoint/jmx/EndpointMBeanTests.java
index dc70b4cd3b..4c0cd5d32a 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/endpoint/jmx/EndpointMBeanTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-actuator/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/actuate/endpoint/jmx/EndpointMBeanTests.java
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.rules.ExpectedException;
 import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
+import org.springframework.beans.FatalBeanException;
+
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.instanceOf;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
@@ -84,6 +86,34 @@ public class EndpointMBeanTests {
 		assertThat(result).isEqualTo("result");
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	public void invokeWhenOperationFailedShouldTranslateException()
+			throws MBeanException, ReflectionException {
+		TestExposableJmxEndpoint endpoint = new TestExposableJmxEndpoint(
+				new TestJmxOperation((arguments) -> {
+					throw new FatalBeanException("test failure");
+				}));
+		EndpointMBean bean = new EndpointMBean(this.responseMapper, endpoint);
+		this.thrown.expect(MBeanException.class);
+		this.thrown.expectCause(instanceOf(IllegalStateException.class));
+		this.thrown.expectMessage("test failure");
+		bean.invoke("testOperation", NO_PARAMS, NO_SIGNATURE);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void invokeWhenOperationFailedWithJdkExceptionShouldReuseException()
+			throws MBeanException, ReflectionException {
+		TestExposableJmxEndpoint endpoint = new TestExposableJmxEndpoint(
+				new TestJmxOperation((arguments) -> {
+					throw new UnsupportedOperationException("test failure");
+				}));
+		EndpointMBean bean = new EndpointMBean(this.responseMapper, endpoint);
+		this.thrown.expect(MBeanException.class);
+		this.thrown.expectCause(instanceOf(UnsupportedOperationException.class));
+		this.thrown.expectMessage("test failure");
+		bean.invoke("testOperation", NO_PARAMS, NO_SIGNATURE);
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	public void invokeWhenActionNameIsNotAnOperationShouldThrowException()
 			throws MBeanException, ReflectionException {