diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/BootstrapRegistry.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/BootstrapRegistry.java
index e38feb398f..c12d65a59a 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/BootstrapRegistry.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/BootstrapRegistry.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
 import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
+import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 
 /**
  * A simple object registry that is available during startup and {@link Environment}
@@ -47,7 +48,8 @@ public interface BootstrapRegistry {
 
 	/**
 	 * Register a specific type with the registry. If the specified type has already been
-	 * registered, but not get obtained, it will be replaced.
+	 * registered and has not been obtained as a {@link Scope#SINGLETON singleton}, it
+	 * will be replaced.
 	 * @param <T> the instance type
 	 * @param type the instance type
 	 * @param instanceSupplier the instance supplier
@@ -87,11 +89,13 @@ public interface BootstrapRegistry {
 	void addCloseListener(ApplicationListener<BootstrapContextClosedEvent> listener);
 
 	/**
-	 * Supplier used to provide the actual instance the first time it is accessed.
+	 * Supplier used to provide the actual instance when needed.
 	 *
 	 * @param <T> the instance type
+	 * @see Scope
 	 */
-	public interface InstanceSupplier<T> {
+	@FunctionalInterface
+	interface InstanceSupplier<T> {
 
 		/**
 		 * Factory method used to create the instance when needed.
@@ -101,6 +105,39 @@ public interface BootstrapRegistry {
 		 */
 		T get(BootstrapContext context);
 
+		/**
+		 * Return the scope of the supplied instance.
+		 * @return the scope
+		 * @since 2.4.2
+		 */
+		default Scope getScope() {
+			return Scope.SINGLETON;
+		}
+
+		/**
+		 * Return a new {@link InstanceSupplier} with an updated {@link Scope}.
+		 * @param scope the new scope
+		 * @return a new {@link InstanceSupplier} instance with the new scope
+		 * @since 2.4.2
+		 */
+		default InstanceSupplier<T> withScope(Scope scope) {
+			Assert.notNull(scope, "Scope must not be null");
+			InstanceSupplier<T> parent = this;
+			return new InstanceSupplier<T>() {
+
+				@Override
+				public T get(BootstrapContext context) {
+					return parent.get(context);
+				}
+
+				@Override
+				public Scope getScope() {
+					return scope;
+				}
+
+			};
+		}
+
 		/**
 		 * Factory method that can be used to create a {@link InstanceSupplier} for a
 		 * given instance.
@@ -125,4 +162,24 @@ public interface BootstrapRegistry {
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * The scope of a instance.
+	 * @since 2.4.2
+	 */
+	enum Scope {
+
+		/**
+		 * A singleton instance. The {@link InstanceSupplier} will be called only once and
+		 * the same instance will be returned each time.
+		 */
+		SINGLETON,
+
+		/**
+		 * A prototype instance. The {@link InstanceSupplier} will be called whenver an
+		 * instance is needed.
+		 */
+		PROTOTYPE
+
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/DefaultBootstrapContext.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/DefaultBootstrapContext.java
index cc73b8ec36..eec1b2a714 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/DefaultBootstrapContext.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/DefaultBootstrapContext.java
@@ -117,7 +117,9 @@ public class DefaultBootstrapContext implements ConfigurableBootstrapContext {
 		T instance = (T) this.instances.get(type);
 		if (instance == null) {
 			instance = (T) instanceSupplier.get(this);
-			this.instances.put(type, instance);
+			if (instanceSupplier.getScope() == Scope.SINGLETON) {
+				this.instances.put(type, instance);
+			}
 		}
 		return instance;
 	}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/DefaultBootstrapContextTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/DefaultBootstrapContextTests.java
index c727f554b6..05dff44cac 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/DefaultBootstrapContextTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/DefaultBootstrapContextTests.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import org.assertj.core.api.AssertProvider;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import org.springframework.boot.BootstrapRegistry.InstanceSupplier;
+import org.springframework.boot.BootstrapRegistry.Scope;
 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
 import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
@@ -74,6 +75,24 @@ class DefaultBootstrapContextTests {
 		assertThat(this.context.get(Integer.class)).isEqualTo(100);
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void registerWhenSingletonAlreadyCreatedThrowsException() {
+		this.context.register(Integer.class, InstanceSupplier.from(this.counter::getAndIncrement));
+		this.context.get(Integer.class);
+		assertThatIllegalStateException()
+				.isThrownBy(() -> this.context.register(Integer.class, InstanceSupplier.of(100)))
+				.withMessage("java.lang.Integer has already been created");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void registerWhenPrototypeAlreadyCreatedReplacesInstance() {
+		this.context.register(Integer.class,
+				InstanceSupplier.from(this.counter::getAndIncrement).withScope(Scope.PROTOTYPE));
+		this.context.get(Integer.class);
+		this.context.register(Integer.class, InstanceSupplier.of(100));
+		assertThat(this.context.get(Integer.class)).isEqualTo(100);
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void registerWhenAlreadyCreatedThrowsException() {
 		this.context.register(Integer.class, InstanceSupplier.from(this.counter::getAndIncrement));
@@ -146,12 +165,25 @@ class DefaultBootstrapContextTests {
 	}
 
 	@Test
-	void getCreatesOnlyOneInstance() {
+	void getWhenSingletonCreatesOnlyOneInstance() {
 		this.context.register(Integer.class, InstanceSupplier.from(this.counter::getAndIncrement));
 		assertThat(this.context.get(Integer.class)).isEqualTo(0);
 		assertThat(this.context.get(Integer.class)).isEqualTo(0);
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void getWhenPrototypeCreatesOnlyNewInstances() {
+		this.context.register(Integer.class,
+				InstanceSupplier.from(this.counter::getAndIncrement).withScope(Scope.PROTOTYPE));
+		assertThat(this.context.get(Integer.class)).isEqualTo(0);
+		assertThat(this.context.get(Integer.class)).isEqualTo(1);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void testName() {
+
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void getOrElseWhenNoRegistrationReturnsOther() {
 		this.context.register(Number.class, InstanceSupplier.of(1));
@@ -228,6 +260,20 @@ class DefaultBootstrapContextTests {
 		assertThat(listener).wasCalledOnlyOnce();
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void instanceSupplierGetScopeWhenNotConfiguredReturnsSingleton() {
+		InstanceSupplier<String> supplier = InstanceSupplier.of("test");
+		assertThat(supplier.getScope()).isEqualTo(Scope.SINGLETON);
+		assertThat(supplier.get(null)).isEqualTo("test");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void instanceSupplierWithScopeChangesScope() {
+		InstanceSupplier<String> supplier = InstanceSupplier.of("test").withScope(Scope.PROTOTYPE);
+		assertThat(supplier.getScope()).isEqualTo(Scope.PROTOTYPE);
+		assertThat(supplier.get(null)).isEqualTo("test");
+	}
+
 	private static class TestCloseListener
 			implements ApplicationListener<BootstrapContextClosedEvent>, AssertProvider<CloseListenerAssert> {